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--- mpeg2:mpeg2_elementary_stream_structure [2022/05/10 17:53] – emcodem
+++ mpeg2:mpeg2_elementary_stream_structure [2022/05/10 20:01] (current) – emcodem
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <html>
-<h1>MPEG-2 Elementary Video</h1>
+<!-- this is the global style for html elements on this page -->
+<style type="text/css">
+/* Tabelle mit Standardwerten */
+#sheme
+{  border : 1px solid #4088b8; padding : 0px; margin : 10px 0px 18px 0px; font-size : 12px; background-color : #f4f4f4; }
+#sheme th
+{ vertical-align : top; padding : 5px; border : 1px dotted #4088b8; font-size : 90%; }
+#sheme td
+{ vertical-align : top; padding : 5px; border : 1px dotted #4088b8; font-size : 90%; }
+/* Tabelle für Bytedarstellungen */
+#byte
+{ width : 800px; border : 1px solid  #4088b8; padding : 0px; margin : 10px 0px 18px 0px;  color : #4088b8; background-color : #ecf3f8; font-size : 12px; font-weight : normal; }
+#byte th
+{ width :  93px; border : 1px dotted #4088b8; padding : 4px; text-align : center; vertical-align : middle; font-weight : bold; line-height: 1.5em; }
+#byte td
+{ width :  93px; border : 1px dotted #4088b8; padding : 4px; text-align : center; vertical-align : middle; line-height: 1.5em; }
+#byte td:nth-child(1)
+{ width :  56px; font-weight : bold; }
+</style>
+</html>
-</html>
+===== MPEG-2 Elementary Video =====
   - stream structure
   - Sequence headers
@@ Line 19: / Line 39: @@
 The structure differs from that of MPEG-1 elementary video in terms of the possible extensions and, in the case of the TMPG encoder, the number of slices.
+==== Structure of an MPEG-2 program stream. ====
 <html>
-<div id="Inhalt">
-    <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">MPEG-2 Elementary Video</font></font></h3>
-    <h1><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">stream structure</font></font></h1>
+    <table id="byte">
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Structure of an MPEG-2 program stream.</font></font></p>
-    <p>&nbsp;</p>
-    <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">video streaming:</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="40">
@@ Line 41: / Line 57: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Sequence:</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
+    <table id="byte">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="40">
@@ Line 58: / Line 74: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Group of Picture (GOP):</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
+    <table id="byte">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="40">
@@ Line 74: / Line 91: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Picture:</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
+    <table id="byte">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="40">
@@ Line 90: / Line 107: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Slice:</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
+    <table id="byte">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="40">
@@ Line 105: / Line 122: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">macro block:</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
+    <table id="byte">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="40">
@@ Line 121: / Line 138: @@
     <p>&nbsp;<br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">A macroblock comprises an image section with a total of 16x16 picture elements (pixels). </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">It stores the YUV 4:2:0 (YCbCr) color information. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The Y components of all pixels are contained in the first four blocks b0 to b3. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">In the fifth block b4, the blue chrominance values &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;(Cb) are stored in one point for each 4 pixels. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The corresponding red chrominance values &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;(Cr) are in the sixth block b5.</font></font></p>
-   </div>
+</html>
+===== Sequence headers =====
+Each header starts with the PACK_START_CODE_PREFIX, which consists of the three bytes 0, 0 and 1. As a hexadecimal number, it is represented as $000001. This is followed by the ID. For the sequence header, this is the value $B3. The length of the header has different lengths according to the matrices used.
-</html>
+Each sequence header represents a possible entry point. This means that a chapter can only be created where there is a sequence header.
+It should also happen that sequence headers are not marked with $000001B3 but with $000000B3.
+== Construction ==
+  - 4 bytes: SEQUENCE_HEADER_CODE = $000001B3
+  - 12 Bit: Width - Image width in pixels
+  - 12 Bit: Height - image height in pixels
+  - 4 bit: Aspect Ratio - aspect ratio
+  - 4 bit: frame rate - refresh rate
+  - 18 bit: bit rate
+  - 1 bit: markers
+  - 10 bits: VBV
+  - 1 bit: Constrained parameter flag
+  - 1 bit: load intra matrix (0) or standard (1)?
+  - 64 bytes: Intra matrix if non-standard matrix is used.
+  - 1 Bit: Load Non Intra Matrix (0) or Standard (1)?
+  - 64 bytes: Non Intra Matrix, unless Standard Matrix is used.
+As a scheme:
 <html>
 <div id="Inhalt">
-    <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">MPEG-2 Elementary Video</font></font></h3>
+    <table id="byte">
-    <h1><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Sequence headers</font></font></h1>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Each header starts with the PACK_START_CODE_PREFIX, which consists of the three bytes 0, 0 and 1. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">As a hexadecimal number, it is represented as $000001. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">This is followed by the ID. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">For the sequence header, this is the value $B3. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The length of the header has different lengths according to the matrices used.</font></font></p>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Each sequence header represents a possible entry point. This means that a chapter can only be created where there is a sequence header. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> </font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> </font></font></p>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">It should also happen that sequence headers are not marked with $000001B3 but with $000000B3.</font></font></p>
-    <h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Construction</font></font></h2>
-    <ol type="circle">
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bytes: SEQUENCE_HEADER_CODE = $000001B3</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">12 Bit: Width - Image width in pixels</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">12 Bit: Height - image height in pixels</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bit: Aspect Ratio - aspect ratio</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bit: frame rate - refresh rate</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">18 bit: bit rate</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: markers</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">10 bits: VBV</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: Constrained parameter flag</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: load intra matrix (0) or standard (1)?</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">64 bytes: Intra matrix if non-standard matrix is &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;used.</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 Bit: Load Non Intra Matrix (0) or Standard (1)?</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">64 bytes: Non Intra Matrix, unless Standard Matrix is &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;used.</font></font></li>
-    </ol>
-    <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">As a scheme:</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="26" valign="middle" align="center">
@@ Line 250: / Line 263: @@
     <h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Explanations</font></font></h2>
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The values &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;for the aspect ratio:</font></font></p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="30">
@@ Line 284: / Line 297: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The values &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;for the frame rate (refresh rate):</font></font></p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="20">
@@ Line 343: / Line 356: @@
      </tbody>
     </table>
-    <p>&nbsp;</p>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The bit rate is given in 400 bits per second. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The value $3FFFF is supposed to mean a variable bitrate. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">In the test, TMPGEnc and CCEB each indicated the maximum bit rate there.</font></font></p>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The marker bit is intended to detect errors. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">It must always have the value 1.</font></font></p>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The VBV is the memory required to decode the images. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">It is specified in 16 kB blocks.</font></font></p>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The constrained parameter flag is always set to 0 here. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The TMPG Encoder 2.5* uses the 10 bits for the VBV and the bit of the constrained parameter flag for the VBV specification, so that only half of the VBV is displayed here.</font></font></p>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The intra or non intra matrix load bit indicates whether the standard matrix is &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;used or whether the corresponding matrix is &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;saved at this point and must be loaded. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The matrix is &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;stored in Zig Zag Scan.</font></font></p>
-    <p>&nbsp;</p>
-    <h1><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">extensions</font></font></h1>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">At least one extension follows the sequence header. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">An MPEG-2 is identified via this. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The ID of the extension is $B5. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">This is followed by the ID of the extension. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">These extensions should be considered for the sequence header:</font></font></p>
    </div>
 </html>
+The bit rate is given in 400 bits per second. The value $3FFFF is supposed to mean a variable bitrate. In the test, TMPGEnc and CCEB each indicated the maximum bit rate there.
+The marker bit is intended to detect errors. It must always have the value 1.
+The VBV is the memory required to decode the images. It is specified in 16 kB blocks.
+The constrained parameter flag is always set to 0 here. The TMPG Encoder 2.5* uses the 10 bits for the VBV and the bit of the constrained parameter flag for the VBV specification, so that only half of the VBV is displayed here.
+The intra or non intra matrix load bit indicates whether the standard matrix is used or whether the corresponding matrix is saved at this point and must be loaded. The matrix is stored in Zig Zag Scan.
+===== extensions =====
+At least one extension follows the sequence header. An MPEG-2 is identified via this. The ID of the extension is $B5. This is followed by the ID of the extension. These extensions should be considered for the sequence header:
   - Sequence Extension
   - Sequence Display Extension
@@ Line 363: / Line 383: @@
   - Sequence Scalable Extension
+===== Sequence Extension =====
+Extensions have the ID $B5. This is followed by the ID of the extension, here $1.
+== Construction ==
+  - 4 bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
+  - 4 bits: Start Code Identifier - Sequence Extension = $1
+  - 4 bit: profile
+  - 4 bits: levels
+  - 1 bit: progressive sequence
+  - 2-bit: chroma format
+  - 2 bit: wide extension
+  - 2 bits: height extension
+  - 12-bit: bit rate extension
+  - 1 bit: markers
+  - 8-bit: VBV Buffer Extension
+  - 1 bit: low delay
+  - 2 bits: Frame rate extension numerator
+  - 5 bits: Frame rate extension denominator
+As a scheme:
 <html>
 <div id="Inhalt">
-    <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">MPEG-2 Elementary Video</font></font></h3>
+    <table id="byte">
-    <h1><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Sequence Extension</font></font></h1>
-    <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Extensions have the ID $B5. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">This is followed by the ID of the extension, here $1.</font></font></p>
-    <h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Construction</font></font></h2>
-    <ol type="circle">
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bits: Start Code Identifier - Sequence Extension = $1</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bit: profile</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bits: levels</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: progressive sequence</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2-bit: chroma format</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2 bit: wide extension</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2 bits: height extension</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">12-bit: bit rate extension</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: markers</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8-bit: VBV Buffer Extension</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: low delay</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2 bits: Frame rate extension numerator</font></font></li>
-     <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5 bits: Frame rate extension denominator</font></font></li>
-    </ol>
-    <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">As a scheme:</font></font></h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="26" valign="middle" align="center">
@@ Line 452: / Line 473: @@
     <h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Explanations</font></font></h2>
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The profiles are:</font></font></p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="20">
@@ Line 489: / Line 510: @@
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The profiles Multiview and 4:2:2 are sometimes also specified, but without coding.</font></font></p>
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The levels are:</font></font></p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="20">
@@ Line 520: / Line 541: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Allowed combinations of level and profile:</font></font></p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr align="center">
@@ Line 576: / Line 597: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The chrominance values:</font></font></p>
-    <table class="tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="20">
@@ Line 603: / Line 624: @@
     <p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Low Delay means that no B-frames are used. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">"Frame reordering delay is not present i the VBV description, skipped pictures (VBV underflow) may occur." </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The Framerate Extension Numerator and Denominator are multiplied by the base framerate.</font></font></p>
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
+</div>
-    </div>
-   </div>
 </html>
+===== Sequence Display Extension =====
+Extensionen are ID $B5. The ID is $2.
+== Construction ==
+Byte: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
+Bit: Start Code Identifier - Sequence Display Extension = $2
+Bit: Video Format
+Bit: Color, if set:
+  - 1 Byte: Color Primaries
+  - 1 Byte: Transfer Characteristics
+  - 1 Byte: Matrix Coefficients
+Bit: Display Width
+Bit: Marker
+Bit: Display Height
+As a scheme:
  <html>
+    <table id="byte">
-    <h3>MPEG-2 Elementar Video</h3>
-    <h1>Sequence Display Extension</h1>
-    <p>Extensionen are ID $B5. The ID is $2.</p>
-    <h2>Aufbau</h2>
-    <ol type="circle">
-     <li>4 Byte: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5</li>
-     <li>4 Bit: Start Code Identifier - Sequence Display Extension = $2</li>
-     <li>3 Bit: Video Format</li>
-     <li>1 Bit: Color, if set:</li>
-     <ol type="circle">
-      <li>1 Byte: Color Primaries</li>
-      <li>1 Byte: Transfer Characteristics</li>
-      <li>1 Byte: Matrix Coefficients</li>
-     </ol>
-     <li>14 Bit: Display Width</li>
-     <li>1 Bit: Marker</li>
-     <li>14 Bit: Display Height</li>
-    </ol>
-    <h3>Als Schema:</h3>
-    <table class="newTab">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="26" valign="middle" align="center">
        <td id="Col60">&nbsp;</td>
-       <td id="Col60">7</td>
+       <td id="Col00060">7</td>
        <td id="Col60">6</td>
        <td id="Col60">5</td>
@@ Line 701: / Line 725: @@
     <h2>Explainations</h2>
     <p>Video Formats are:</p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="20">
@@ Line 735: / Line 759: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <p>Color Primaries and Transfer Characteristics are:</p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="20">
@@ Line 781: / Line 805: @@
     <p>&nbsp;</p>
     <p>Matrix Coefficients:</p>
-    <table class="Tab">
+    <table id="sheme">
      <tbody>
       <tr height="20">
@@ Line 827: / Line 851: @@
  </html>
-<html>
-<content>
-<h1><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Quant Matrix Extension</font></font></h1>
+===== Quant Matrix Extension =====
-<p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Extensions have the ID $B5. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The ID of this extension is $3.</font></font></p>
+Extensions have the ID $B5. The ID of this extension is $3.
-<h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Construction</font></font></h2>
+== Construction ==
-<ul>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5</font></font></li>
+bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bits: Start Code Identifier - Quant Matrix Extension = $3</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: Load Intra Quantiser Matrix, if 1 then</font></font></li>
+bits: Start Code Identifier - Quant Matrix Extension = $3
-  <ul>
-    <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">64 bytes: intra quantizer matrix</font></font></li>
+bit: Load Intra Quantiser Matrix, if 1 then
-  </ul>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 Bit: Load Non Intra Quantiser Matrix, if 1 then</font></font></li>
+  * 64 bytes: intra quantizer matrix
-  <ul>
-    <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">64 bytes: non-intra quantiser matrix</font></font></li>
+Bit: Load Non Intra Quantiser Matrix, if 1 then
-  </ul>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: Load Chroma Intra Quantiser Matrix if 1 then</font></font></li>
+  * 64 bytes: non-intra quantiser matrix
-  <ul>
-    <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">64 bytes: Chroma Intra Quantizer Matrix</font></font></li>
+bit: Load Chroma Intra Quantiser Matrix if 1 then
-  </ul>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: Chroma Non Intra Quantiser Matrix, if 1 then</font></font></li>
+  * 64 bytes: Chroma Intra Quantizer Matrix
-  <ul>
-    <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">64 bytes: Chroma Non Intra Quantizer Matrix</font></font></li>
+bit: Chroma Non Intra Quantiser Matrix, if 1 then
-  </ul>
-</ul>
+  * 64 bytes: Chroma Non Intra Quantizer Matrix
+As a scheme:
+<html>
-<h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">As a scheme:</font></font></h3>
 <table id="byte">
   <tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td></tr>
@@ Line 875: / Line 900: @@
-</content>
 </html>
+===== Copyright extension =====
-<html>
+Extensions have the ID $B5. This extension has the ID $4.
-<content>
+== Construction ==
-<h1><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Copyright extension</font></font></h1>
+  * 4 bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
+  * 4 bits: Start Code Identifier - Copyright Extension = $4
+  * 1 bit: copyright flag
+  * 8 bits: copyright identifiers
+  * 1 bit: original or copy
+  * 7 bits: Reserved
+  * 1 bit: markers
+  * 20 bit: copyright number 1
+  * 1 bit: markers
+  * 22 bit: copyright number 2
+  * 1 bit: markers
+  * 22 bit: copyright number 3
+<html>
-<p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Extensions have the ID $B5. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">This extension has the ID $4.</font></font></p>
-<h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Construction</font></font></h2>
-<ul>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bits: Start Code Identifier - Copyright Extension = $4</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: copyright flag</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8 bits: copyright identifiers</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: original or copy</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7 bits: Reserved</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: markers</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">20 bit: copyright number 1</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: markers</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">22 bit: copyright number 2</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: markers</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">22 bit: copyright number 3</font></font></li>
-</ul>
 <h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">As a scheme:</font></font></h3>
@@ Line 924: / Line 945: @@
 </tbody></table>
-</content>
 </html>
+===== Sequence Scalable Extension =====
-<html>
+Extensions generally have ID $B5. This extensions has got ID $5.
-<content>
+== Construction ==
-<h1>Sequence Scalable Extension</h1>
+  * 4 Byte: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
+  * 4 Bit: Start Code Identifier - Sequence Scalable Extension = $5
+  * 2 Bit: Scalable Mode (Data partioning, Spartial, SNR, Temporal)
+  * 4 Bit: Layer ID
-<p>Extensionen haben die ID $B5. Diese Extension hat die ID $5.</p>
+Ist der Scalable Mode "spatial scalability"
-<h2>Aufbau</h2>
+  * 14 Bit: Lower Layer Prediction Horizontal Size
-<ul>
+  * 1 Bit: Marker
-  <li>4 Byte: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5</li>
+  * 14 Bit: Lower Layer Prediction Vertical Size
-  <li>4 Bit: Start Code Identifier - Sequence Scalable Extension = $5</li>
+  * 5 Bit: Horizontal Subsampling Factor M
-  <li>2 Bit: Scalable Mode (Data partioning, Spartial, SNR, Temporal)</li>
+  * 5 Bit: Horizontal Subsampling Factor N
-  <li>4 Bit: Layer ID</li>
+  * 5 Bit: Vertical Subsampling Factor M
-</ul>
+  * 5 Bit: Vertical Subsampling Factor N
-<p>Ist der Scalable Mode "spatial scalability"</p>
-<ul>
-  <li>14 Bit: Lower Layer Prediction Horizontal Size</li>
-  <li>1 Bit: Marker</li>
-  <li>14 Bit: Lower Layer Prediction Vertical Size</li>
-  <li>5 Bit: Horizontal Subsampling Factor M</li>
-  <li>5 Bit: Horizontal Subsampling Factor N</li>
-  <li>5 Bit: Vertical Subsampling Factor M</li>
-  <li>5 Bit: Vertical Subsampling Factor N</li>
-</ul>
-<p>Ist der Scalable Mode "temporal scalability"</p>
-<ul>
-  <li>1 Bit: Picture Mux Enable, wenn 1 dann</li>
-  <ul>
-    <li>1 Bit: Mux To Progressive Sequence</li>
-  </ul>
-  <li>3 Bit: Picture Mux Order</li>
-  <li>3 Bit: Picture Mux Factor</li>
-</ul>
-<h3>Als Schema</h3>
+Ist der Scalable Mode "temporal scalability"
+Bit: Picture Mux Enable, if 1 then
+  * 1 Bit: Mux To Progressive Sequence
+Bit: Picture Mux Order
+Bit: Picture Mux Factor
+<html>
+<content>
+<h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">As a scheme:</font></font></h3>
 <table id="byte">
   <tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>4</td><td>3</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td></tr>
@@ Line 973: / Line 992: @@
   <tr><td>3</td></tr>
   <tr><td>4</td><td colspan="4">Start Code Identifier = $5</td><td colspan="2"><font color="red">Scalable Mode</font></td><td colspan="2">Layer ID</td></tr>
-  <tr><td>5</td><td colspan="2">noch Layer ID</td><td colspan="6">&nbsp;</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>5</td><td colspan="2">still Layer ID</td><td colspan="6">&nbsp;</td></tr>
 </tbody></table>
@@ Line 991: / Line 1010: @@
 <table id="byte">
   <tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>4</td><td>3</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>0</td></tr>
-  <tr><td>5</td><td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td><td><font class="fb">Picture<br>Mux<br>Enable</font></td><td><font class="fr">Mux zu<br>Progr.<br>Sequence</font></td><td colspan="3">Picture Mux Order</td><td>PMF</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>5</td><td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td><td><font class="fb">Picture<br>Mux<br>Enable</font></td><td><font class="fr">Mux to<br>Progr.<br>Sequence</font></td><td colspan="3">Picture Mux Order</td><td>PMF</td></tr>
   <tr><td>6</td><td colspan="2">noch Picture<br>Mux Faktor</td><td colspan="6">&nbsp;</td></tr>
 </tbody></table>
@@ Line 1000: / Line 1019: @@
+===== Group of Pictures =====
-<html>
+The ID $B8 follows the PACK_START_CODE_PREFIX for the GROUP_START_CODE. The length of the header is 4 bytes.
-<content>
-<h1><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Group of Pictures</font></font></h1>
+== Construction ==
-<p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The ID $B8 follows the PACK_START_CODE_PREFIX for the GROUP_START_CODE. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The length of the header is 4 bytes.</font></font></p>
+  * 4 bytes: GROUP_START_CODE = $000001B8
+  * 1 bit: drop frame
+  * 5 bit: Time code hours from 0 to 23.
+  * 6 bit: Time code minutes from 0 to 59.
+  * 1 bit: markers
+  * 6 bit: Time Code seconds from 0 to 59.
+  * 6 bit: Time Code Picture from 0 to 59.
+  * 1 bit: Closed GOP
+  * 1 bit: broken link
-<h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Construction</font></font></h2>
+As a scheme:
-<ul>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4 bytes: GROUP_START_CODE = $000001B8</font></font></li>
+<html>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: drop frame</font></font></li>
+<content>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5 bit: Time code hours from 0 to 23.</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6 bit: Time code minutes from 0 to 59.</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: markers</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6 bit: Time Code seconds from 0 to 59.</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6 bit: Time Code Picture from 0 to 59.</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: Closed GOP</font></font></li>
-  <li><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1 bit: broken link</font></font></li>
-</ul>
-<h3><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">As a scheme</font></font></h3>
 <table id="byte">
   <tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td></tr>
@@ Line 1055: / Line 1073: @@
 <h1>Picture Header</h1>
-<p>Dem PACK_START_CODE_PREFIX folgt der PICTURE_START_CODE mit der ID $00.</p>
+<p>PACK_START_CODE_PREFIX follows PICTURE_START_CODE with ID $00.</p>
-<h2>Aufbau</h2>
+<h2>Construction</h2>
 <ul>
   <li>4 Byte: PICTURE_START_CODE = $00000100</li>
@@ Line 1064: / Line 1082: @@
   <li>16 Bit: VBV Delay.</li>
 </ul>
-<p>Nur bei P- und B-Frames:</p>
+<p>P- and B-Frames:</p>
 <ul>
   <li>1 Bit: full fel forward vector</li>
   <li>3 Bit: forward f code</li>
 </ul>
-<p>Nur bei B-Frames:</p>
+<p>B-Frames only:</p>
 <ul>
   <li>1 Bit: full backward vector</li>
   <li>3 Bit: backward f code</li>
 </ul>
-<p>Extra Informationen:</p>
+<p>Extra Information:</p>
 <ul type="circle">
   <li>1 Bit: Extra Info Bit Set</li>
-  <li>1 Byte: Extra Information, wenn Extra Bit gesetzt ist.</li>
+  <li>1 Byte: Extra Information, if Extra Bit is set.</li>
   <li>1 Bit: Extra Info Bit cleared</li>
 </ul>
@@ Line 1097: / Line 1115: @@
 <h2>Erläuterungen</h2>
-<p>Die Temporal Reference ist die Reihenfolge, in welcher die Bilder angezeigt werden sollen. Das erste Bild der Gruppe hat
+<p>The temporal reference is the order in which the images should be displayed. The first picture of the group has
-   den Wert 0.</p>
+   the value 0.</p>
-<p>Die Coding Types sind:</p>
+<p>Coding types:</p>
 <ul start="0">
-  <li>Verboten</li>
+  <li>Resticted</li>
   <li>I - Intra Coded</li>
   <li>P - Predictive Coded</li>
   <li>B - Bidirectionally Predictive Coded</li>
   <li>D - DC Intra Coded</li>
-  <li>Reserviert</li>
+  <li>Reserved</li>
-  <li>Reserviert</li>
+  <li>Reserved</li>
-  <li>Reserviert</li>
+  <li>Reserved</li>
 </ul>
-<p>Das VBV Delay wird bei konstanten Bitraten in 90 kHz Cyclen angegeben. Bei variablen Bitrate wird der Delay auf FFFF gesetzt.</p>
+<p>The VBV delay is specified in 90 kHz cycles at constant bit rates. With variable bit rate, the delay is set to FFFF.
-<p>Zu den forward und backward vectors sowie den Extra Informationen fehlen mir weitergehende Informationen. Die Extra Information
+I am missing further information about the forward and backward vectors and the extra information. The extra information
-   besteht aus neun Bit. Das erste ist der Indikator dafür, ob Extra Informationen folgen. Die folgenden 8 bit stellen die
+   consists of nine bits. The first is the indicator for extra information to follow. The following 8 bits represent the
-   Extra Information dar.</p>
+   extra information.</p>
-<h1>Extensionen</h1>
+<h1>Extensions</h1>
-<p>Bei MPEG-2 schliessen sich dem Picture Header verschiedene Extensionen an. Die ID der Extension ist $B5. Daran schliesst sich
+<p>With MPEG-2, the picture header is followed by various extensions. The ID of the extension is $B5. That concludes
-   die ID der Extension an. Für den Picture Header dürften diese Extensionen in Frage kommen:</p>
+   the ID of the extension. These extensions should be considered for the picture header:</p>
 <ul>
   <li>7 - <a href="projects/mpeg/k010210.htm">Picture Display Extension</a></li>
@@ Line 1131: / Line 1149: @@
 </html>
+===== Picture Display Extension =====
+The extension start code with the ID $B5 is followed by four bits with the extension ID $B7.
+== Construction ==
+  * 4 bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
+  * 4 bits: Start Code Identifier - Picture Display Extension = $7
+  * For 0 = i < number_of_frame_centre_offsets (maximum 3 offsets)
+    * 2 bytes (Int16): frame_centre_horizontal_offset
+    * 1 bit: markers
+    * 2 bytes (Int16): frame_centre_vertical_offset
+    * 1 bit: markers
+As a scheme:
+<html>
+<content>
+<table id="byte">
+  <tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td><td rowspan="4" colspan="8"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">EXTENSION_START_CODE </font></font><br>&nbsp;<br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">$000001B5</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Boot Code Identifier = $7</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">frame_centre_horizontal_offset</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td colspan="8"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">nor frame_centre_horizontal_offset</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">nor frame_centre_horizontal_offset</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">marker</font></font></td><td colspan="3"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">frame_centre_vertical_offset</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td colspan="8"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">nor frame_centre_vertical_offset</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8th</font></font></td><td colspan="5"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">nor frame_centre_vertical_offset</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">marker</font></font></td><td colspan="2"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">...</font></font></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Explanations</font></font></h2>
+<p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">This extension is not necessary for the normal decoding process. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">However, it allows the picture to be positioned on the display. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">An application for this is </font></font><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805111659/http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_&amp;_Scan" target="_blank"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Pan &amp; Scan</font></font></a><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> . </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">This extension must be preceded by a sequence display extension.</font></font></p>
+<p><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">frame_centre_horizontal_offset</font></font></b><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> Is the horizontal offset in units of 1/16 sample. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">A positive value means the center of the picture is to the right of the center of the display.</font></font></p>
+<p><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">frame_centre_vertical_offset</font></font></b><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> Is the vertical offset in units of 1/16 sample. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">A positive value means the center of the picture is below the center of the display.</font></font></p>
+<p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The size of the display is defined in the Sequence Display Extension. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The coordinates for the decoded picture in the picture display extension. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The center of the decoded picture is the center of the display. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">A picture can refer to one, two or three decoded fields, ie it can contain up to three offsets.</font></font></p>
+<p><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The number of offsets results from the flags progressive_sequence, repeat_first_field and top_field_first.</font></font></p>
+<pre id="text"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">if ( progressive_sequence == 1)</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+   { if ( repeat_first_field == 1 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        { if ( top_field_first == 1 )</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+             number_of_frame_centre_offsets = 3</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+          else</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+             number_of_frame_centre_offsets = 2</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        }</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        else</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        {</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        number_of_frame_centre_offsets = 1</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        }</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+   }</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+   else</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+   { if (picture_structure == "field")</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        { number_of_frame_centre_offsets = 1</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        }</font></font><font></font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">
+        else</font></font><font></font>
+        { if (repeat_first_field == 1 )<font></font>
+             number_of_frame_centre_offsets = 3<font></font>
+          else<font></font>
+             number_of_frame_centre_offsets = 2<font></font>
+        }<font></font>
+   }<font></font>
+</pre>
+<p>The progressive_sequence flag is included in the sequence extension. repeat_first_field, top_field_first, and picture_structure
+   in the Picture Coding Extension.</p>
+<p>The absence of the offsets means that the previously used values should be used. That also applies, if not all
+   offsets are given. After a sequence header, null values are used again until values are specified again.</p>
+</content>
+</html>
+===== Picture Coding Extension =====
+The extension start code with the ID $B5 is followed by four bits with the extension ID $B8.
+== Construction ==
+bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
+bits: Start Code Identifier - Picture Coding Extension = $8
+bits: f_code[0][0] - forward horizontal
+bits: f_code[0][1] - forward vertical
+bits: f_code[1][0] - backward horizontal
+bits: f_code[1][1] - backward vertical
+-bit: Intra DC precision
+-bit: Picture Structure
+bit: top field first
+bit: Frame Pred Frame DCT
+bit: Concealment Motion Vectors
+bit: Q scale type
+bit: Intra VLC format
+bit: alternate scan
+bit: Repeat First Field
+bit: Chroma 420 type
+bit: progressive frame
+bit: Composite Display Flag, if set:
+  * 1 bit: V axis
+  * 3 bits: field sequence
+  * 1 bit: Subcarrier
+  * 7 bits: burst amplitude
+  * 8 bits: sub-carrier phase
+As a scheme:
+<html>
+<content>
+<table id="byte">
+  <tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td><td rowspan="4" colspan="8"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">EXTENSION_START_CODE </font></font><br>&nbsp;<br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">$000001B5</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td></tr><tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td></tr><tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Boot Code Identifier = $8</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[0][0]</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[0][1]</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[1][0]</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[1][1]</font></font></td><td colspan="2"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Intra DC Prec.</font></font></td><td colspan="2"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Picture Structure</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">TFF</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">FPF </font></font><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">DCT</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">CMV</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Q scale type</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Intra VLC format</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Alternate Scan</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Repeat First Field</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Chroma 420 type</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8th</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Progressive frames</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">composite display?</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">V axis</font></font></td><td colspan="3"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Field Sequence</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">subcarriers</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">burst amplitude</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">9</font></font></td><td colspan="6"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">still BA</font></font></td><td colspan="2"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">sub-carrier phase</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">10</font></font></td><td colspan="6"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">nor SCP</font></font></td><td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Explanations</font></font></h2>
+<p><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[s][t]</font></font></b><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> The values &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;are used to decode the motion vectors. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The value 0 is forbidden, 1 to 9 and 15 are allowed.</font></font></p>
+<p><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Intra DC Precision</font></font></b><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> Accuracy with which the discrete cosine transformation is used. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The Intra DC Mult(iplikator) is derived from this.</font></font></p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">value</font></font></th><th><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">accuracy</font></font></th><th><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">multiplier</font></font></th></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">00</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8th</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">01</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">9 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">10</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">10 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">11</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">11 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<p><b>Picture Structure</b></p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th>Wert</th><th>Picture Structure</th></tr>
+  <tr><td>00</td><td>Reserviert</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>01</td><td>Top Field - oberes Halbbild</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>10</td><td>Bottom Field - unteres Halbbild</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>11</td><td>Frame Picture - Vollbild</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<p>If a frame is encoded in fields, there must always be a pair with the same picture coding type.</p>
+<p><b>Top Field First</b><br>This flag depends on Picture Structure, Progressive Sequence and Repeat First Field.<br>At
+   If the Progressive Sequence flag is not set, it is used during decoding to reconstruct the frame and indicates whether the First Field
+   (upper field) is output first.<br>If the Progressive Sequence flag is set, there is in connection with the Repeat flag
+   First Field indicates how often a frame is output during decoding. This means at Repeat First Field = 0 and Top Field First
+   = 0 becomes a progressive frame, with Repeat First Field = 1 and Top Field First = 0 two identical progressive frames become
+   and with Repeat First Field = 1 and Top Field First = 1, three identical progressive frames are output.</p>
+<p><b>Frame Pred Frame DCT</b><br>If this flag is set, only Frame DCT and Frame Prediction will be used. At Field Picture
+   (fields) it is 0, with progressive frames it is 1.</p>
+<p><b>Concealment Motion Vectors</b><br>This flag indicates whether the intra macroblocks were encoded with motion vectors.</p>
+<p><b>Q Scale Type</b><br>This flag is used for the Quantiser Scale Factor.</p>
+<p><b>Intra VLC format</b><br>This flag is used to determine the DCT coefficients.</p>
+<p><b>Alternate Scan</b><br>This flag is used to determine the DCT coefficients.</p>
+<p><b>Repeat First Field</b><br>If the flags progressisve_sequence (see <a href="projects/mpeg/k010203.htm">Sequence Extension
+   Header</a>) and progressive_frame are not set, the repeat_first_field flag is also not set. When decoding
+   then the frame composed of two fields. If the progressive_sequence flag is not set but the progressive_frame flag is set,
+   the frame is composed of two fields. The first field (top field or bottom field) is specified by the flag top_field_first
+   identified and followed by the other. If the repeat_first_field flag is then set, the frame consists of three fields
+   composed. The first field is determined by the top_field_first flag and is followed by the other. Then will
+   repeats the first field. If the progressive_sequence flag is set and the repeat_first_field flag is not, the frame
+   decoded from a frame.</p>
+<p><b>Chroma 420 Type</b><br>Set the same as Progressive Frame. Exists for historical reasons.</p>
+<p><b>Progressive Frame</b><br>If the flag is not set, it means that the two fields of a frame are two interlaced fields
+   are. Repeat First Field must be 0 (two field duration). If the flag is set, this means that the two fields are combined into one
+   are merged. Picture Structure must be set to "Frame" and Frame Pred Frame DCT to 1.</p>
+<p><b>Composite Display Flag</b><br>This flag is set if the picture from which the MPEG was encoded is (analogue)
+   Composite Video were encoded. The information refers to the extension following picture. Is it a
+   Frame Picture, the information relates to the First Field. The information is adjusted for the second field,
+   as these cannot be saved. The following elements are not used for decoding. The Repeat First Field
+   Flag and the Composite Display Flag must not be set at the same time.</p>
+<p><b>V Axis</b><br>1-bit integer used only when the bitstream represents a signal that had previously been encoded according to
+   PAL systems. v_axis is set to 1 on a positive sign, v_axis is set to 0 otherwise.</p>
+<p><b>Field Sequence</b><br>Returns the field number of an eight field sequence on a PAL system or a five field sequence
+   for an NTSC system according to the following table:</p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th>Field Sequence</th><th>Frame</th><th>Field</th></tr>
+  <tr><td>000</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>001</td><td>1</td><td>2</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>010</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>011</td><td>2</td><td>4</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>100</td><td>3</td><td>5</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>101</td><td>3</td><td>6</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>110</td><td>4</td><td>7</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>111</td><td>4</td><td>8</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<p><b>Sub Carrier</b><br>If the flag is not set, the sub-carrier/line frequency relationship is correct.</p>
+<p><b>Burst Amplitude</b><br>specifies the burst amplitude for PAL and NTSC.</p>
+<p><b>Sub Carrier Phase</b><br>Indicates the phase of the reference sub carrier of the field synchronization.</p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th>Sub Carrier Phase</th><th>Phase</th></tr>
+  <tr><td>0</td><td>([360° / 256] * 0)</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>1</td><td>([360° / 256] * 1)</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>255</td><td>([360° / 256] * 255)</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</content>
+</html>
+===== Picture Coding Extension =====
+The extension start code with the ID $B5 is followed by four bits with the extension ID $B8.
+== Construction ==
+bytes: EXTENSION_START_CODE = $000001B5
+bits: Start Code Identifier - Picture Coding Extension = $8
+bits: f_code[0][0] - forward horizontal
+bits: f_code[0][1] - forward vertical
+bits: f_code[1][0] - backward horizontal
+bits: f_code[1][1] - backward vertical
+-bit: Intra DC precision
+-bit: Picture Structure
+bit: top field first
+bit: Frame Pred Frame DCT
+bit: Concealment Motion Vectors
+bit: Q scale type
+bit: Intra VLC format
+bit: alternate scan
+bit: Repeat First Field
+bit: Chroma 420 type
+bit: progressive frame
+bit: Composite Display Flag, if set:
+  * 1 bit: V axis
+  * 3 bits: field sequence
+  * 1 bit: Subcarrier
+  * 7 bits: burst amplitude
+  * 8 bits: sub-carrier phase
+<html>
+<content>
+<table id="byte">
+  <tbody><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">0</font></font></td><td rowspan="4" colspan="8"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">EXTENSION_START_CODE </font></font><br>&nbsp;<br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">$000001B5</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td></tr><tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">3</font></font></td></tr><tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Boot Code Identifier = $8</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[0][0]</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">5</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[0][1]</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[1][0]</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">6</font></font></td><td colspan="4"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[1][1]</font></font></td><td colspan="2"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Intra DC Prec.</font></font></td><td colspan="2"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Picture Structure</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">7</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">TFF</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">FPF </font></font><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">DCT</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">CMV</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Q scale type</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Intra VLC format</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Alternate Scan</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Repeat First Field</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Chroma 420 type</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8th</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Progressive frames</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">composite display?</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">V axis</font></font></td><td colspan="3"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Field Sequence</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">subcarriers</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">burst amplitude</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">9</font></font></td><td colspan="6"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">still BA</font></font></td><td colspan="2"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">sub-carrier phase</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">10</font></font></td><td colspan="6"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">nor SCP</font></font></td><td colspan="2">&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<h2><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Explanations</font></font></h2>
+<p><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">f_code[s][t]</font></font></b><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> The values &ZeroWidthSpace;&ZeroWidthSpace;are used to decode the motion vectors. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The value 0 is forbidden, 1 to 9 and 15 are allowed.</font></font></p>
+<p><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Intra DC Precision</font></font></b><br><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"> Accuracy with which the discrete cosine transformation is used. </font><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">The Intra DC Mult(iplikator) is derived from this.</font></font></p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">value</font></font></th><th><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">accuracy</font></font></th><th><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">multiplier</font></font></th></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">00</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">8th</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">01</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">9 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">4</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">10</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">10 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">2</font></font></td></tr>
+  <tr><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">11</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">11 bits</font></font></td><td><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">1</font></font></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<p><b>Picture Structure</b></p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th>Wert</th><th>Picture Structure</th></tr>
+  <tr><td>00</td><td>Reserviert</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>01</td><td>Top Field - upper Field</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>10</td><td>Bottom Field - lower Field</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>11</td><td>Frame Picture - progressive</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<p>If a frame is encoded in fields, there must always be a pair with the same picture coding type.</p>
+<p><b>Top Field First</b><br>This flag depends on Picture Structure, Progressive Sequence and Repeat First Field.<br>At
+   If the Progressive Sequence flag is not set, it is used during decoding to reconstruct the frame and indicates whether the First Field
+   (upper field) is output first.<br>If the Progressive Sequence flag is set, there is a repeat in connection with the flag
+   First Field indicates how often a frame is output during decoding. This means at Repeat First Field = 0 and Top Field First
+   = 0 becomes a progressive frame, with Repeat First Field = 1 and Top Field First = 0 two identical progressive frames become
+   and with Repeat First Field = 1 and Top Field First = 1, three identical progressive frames are output.</p>
+<p><b>Frame Pred Frame DCT</b><br>If this flag is set, only Frame DCT and Frame Prediction will be used. At Field Picture
+   (fields) it is 0, with progressive frames it is 1.</p>
+<p><b>Concealment Motion Vectors</b><br>This flag indicates whether the intra macroblocks were encoded with motion vectors.</p>
+<p><b>Q Scale Type</b><br>This flag is used for the Quantiser Scale Factor.</p>
+<p><b>Intra VLC format</b><br>This flag is used to determine the DCT coefficients.</p>
+<p><b>Alternate Scan</b><br>This flag is used to determine the DCT coefficients.</p>
+<p><b>Repeat First Field</b>
+<br>If the flags progressisve_sequence (see <a href="projects/mpeg/k010203.htm">Sequence Extension
+   Header</a>) and progressive_frame are not set, the repeat_first_field flag is also not set. When decoding
+   then the frame composed of two fields. If the progressive_sequence flag is not set but the progressive_frame flag is set,
+   the frame is composed of two fields. The first field (top field or bottom field) is specified by the flag top_field_first
+   identified and followed by the other. If the repeat_first_field flag is then set, the frame consists of three fields
+   composed. The first field is determined by the top_field_first flag and is followed by the other. Then will
+   repeats the first field. If the progressive_sequence flag is set and the repeat_first_field flag is not, the frame
+   decoded from a frame.</p>
+<p><b>Chroma 420 Type</b><br>Set the same as Progressive Frame. Exists for historical reasons.</p>
+<p><b>Progressive Frame</b><br>If the flag is not set, it means that the two fields of a frame are two interlaced fields
+   are. Repeat First Field must be 0 (two field duration). If the flag is set, this means that the two fields are combined into one
+   are merged. Picture Structure must be set to "Frame" and Frame Pred Frame DCT to 1.</p>
+<p><b>Composite Display Flag</b><br>This flag is set if the picture from which the MPEG was encoded is (analogue)
+   Composite Video were encoded. The information refers to the extension following picture. Is it a
+   Frame Picture, the information relates to the First Field. The information is adjusted for the second field,
+   as these cannot be saved. The following elements are not used for decoding. The Repeat First Field
+   Flag and the Composite Display Flag must not be set at the same time.</p>
+<p><b>V Axis</b><br>1-bit integer used only when the bitstream represents a signal that had previously been encoded according to
+   PAL systems. v_axis is set to 1 on a positive sign, v_axis is set to 0 otherwise.</p>
+<p><b>Field Sequence</b><br>Returns the field number of an eight field sequence on a PAL system or a five field sequence
+   for an NTSC system according to the following table:</p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th>Field Sequence</th><th>Frame</th><th>Field</th></tr>
+  <tr><td>000</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>001</td><td>1</td><td>2</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>010</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>011</td><td>2</td><td>4</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>100</td><td>3</td><td>5</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>101</td><td>3</td><td>6</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>110</td><td>4</td><td>7</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>111</td><td>4</td><td>8</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+<p><b>Sub Carrier</b><br>If the flag is not set, the sub-carrier/line frequency relationship is correct.</p>
+<p><b>Burst Amplitude</b><br>specifies the burst amplitude for PAL and NTSC.</p>
+<p><b>Sub Carrier Phase</b><br>Indicates the phase of the reference sub carrier of the field synchronization.</p>
+<table id="sheme">
+  <tbody><tr><th>Sub Carrier Phase</th><th>Phase</th></tr>
+  <tr><td>0</td><td>([360° / 256] * 0)</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>1</td><td>([360° / 256] * 1)</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+  <tr><td>255</td><td>([360° / 256] * 255)</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</html>
+===== Macroblock =====
+A macroblock has a size of 16 * 16 pixels. It consists of 4 blocks of 8 * 8 pixels with gray values (Y). These are supplemented by two blocks of 8 * 8 pixels with chrominance values. Chrominance values mean color values. One block for Red (Cr) and one for Blue (Cb).
+  * Addr Incr: number of MBs to skip.
+  * Type: Does this MB use a motion vector? What type?
+  * QScale: How is the quantization table scaled in this MB?
+  * Coded Block Pattern (CBP): bitmap indicating which blocks are coded.